International Journal of Medical Science and Pharmaceutical Research

Background: Over-the-counter (OTC) drug use during pregnancy poses potential health risks to both mother and fetus. In low-resource settings such as Nigeria, the lack of regulation and limited access to healthcare often drives this practice.

Objective: To assess the prevalence, patterns, and factors associated with OTC drug use among pregnant women attending antenatal care (ANC) in Damaturu, Yobe State.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 pregnant women attending ANC in selected health facilities. Data were collected via interviewer-administered questionnaires on drug use behavior, types of medications consumed, and awareness of associated risks. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.

Results: OTC drug use prevalence was 64%. The most used medications were analgesics (43.8%), antimalarials (27.5%), and herbal preparations (18.8%). Factors influencing usage included previous personal experience (34%), distance to healthcare facilities (26%), and perception of mild symptoms (21%). Educational level and parity were significantly associated with OTC drug use (p < 0.05). Only 38% of respondents were aware of potential fetal risks.

Conclusion: OTC medication use during pregnancy remains high in Damaturu and is driven by limited healthcare access and poor awareness. Public health education and regulatory interventions are necessary.

Antenatal care, Damaturu, Drug safety, Over-the-counter drugs, Pregnancy

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